Current Merge ?

Initialize to start training

Top Pair Frequencies ?

Merge History ?

Base Vocabulary ? 256

Learned Merges ? 0

Merges will appear here as training progresses

Tokenized Corpus Preview ?

Corpus will appear here after initialization

How BPE Works

1
Vocabulary Initialization

Start with 256 byte values (0-255). Using UTF-8, any text maps to these bytes, solving the "out of vocabulary" problem.

2
Pretokenization

Split text using GPT-2's regex pattern. This preserves word boundaries and prevents merging across words (e.g., "the" in "the cat" vs "other").

3
Iterative Merging

Find the most frequent adjacent pair → merge into new token → repeat. This greedily maximizes compression of the training corpus.